Universal joint

专利摘要:
The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to asynchronous cardan joints. The purpose of the invention is to increase the service life. Universal joint contains two forks 1, 2, bearings 3, fixed in the eyes of the 7 forks retaining rings 4, and installed inside the bearings 3 axle 16, 19 crosses. The goal is achieved by improving the distribution of radial loads in the mating eye-pin, by making recesses 24 in the axles of the cross or by making recesses in the eyes of the 7 forks 1, 2. The grooves in the axles of the cross can be made in the form of stepped holes and in the form of conical holes . The grooves in the eyes of the forks can be made in the form of arc grooves, deaf or through, solid or intermittent. In all cases, the recesses are located symmetrically to the longitudinal axis X-X, between the radial plane in which the axes of rotation of the pivots 16, 19 lie, and the bases of the 6 forks 1, 2. 8 Cp. f-ly, 5 ill.
公开号:SU1565353A3
申请号:SU874203796
申请日:1987-12-08
公开日:1990-05-15
发明作者:Енде Еберхард
申请人:Геленквелленбау Гмбх (Фирма)；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

/ N / Rig (
The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to universal asynchronous cardan joints containing two forks connected to each other by means of a cross between them and intended to transmit torque and axial forces between shafts placed at an angle to each other.
The purpose of the invention is to increase the service life.
FIG. 1 shows the hinge, a general view; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - view B in figure 2; figure 4 view of figure 1; on fig.Z - section GG in figure 4.
Universal joint contains two identical forks 1 and 2, bearing 3, retaining rings 4 and the cross 5.
Each of the forks 1 and 2 is made in the shape of a bis base with two eyes 7, each of which has an inner 8 and an outer 9 surface. In both lugs 7, coaxial through holes 10 are made, the D-D axis of which is located at a right angle to the longitudinal axis E – E of the fork, which coincides with the longitudinal axis X-X of the hinge. In the lugs 7, recesses can be made in the form of arc grooves 11 located between the holes 10 and the base 6 symmetrically longitudinally with the E – E axis of the plug, the center of the groove 11 coinciding with the center of the hole 10.
The arc grooves 11 can be made deaf and are located on the side of the outer surfaces 9 of the lugs 7 can also be located on the side of the internal surfaces 8, as well as on the side of the internal surfaces 8 and on the side of the external surfaces 9 to form a web (not shown ) between them. Arc grooves 11 "can be made through ..
It is also possible to make the grooves 11 intermittently in the form of arc parts with radial jumpers (not shown). It is also possible to make the grooves 11 in the form of the sides of a polygon of straight sections. It is most preferable to make deaf grooves from the outer surfaces of the 9 lugs 7. In the lugs 7 of the forks 1 and 2, additional grooves can also be made, similar in shape

five
d
0
five
grooves 11 and located concentrically with respect to the latter.
The bearing 3 includes a sleeve 12 with a bottom 13, cylindrical rollers 14 and a thrust washer 15.
Cross 5 is made with four pins 16-19. The trunnions 16 and 17 are aligned with each other, forming a coaxial pair of trunnions that interact with one of the forks. Trunnions 18, 19 form another coaxial axle pair interacting with another fork. Each of the trunnions is made with an outer cylindrical surface 20 and an end surface 21. The crosspiece 5 is made with two intersecting through holes 22 and 23 for supplying lubricant to the bearings 3, with the axis of each of the through holes corresponding to the pair of YY or ZZ trunnions, and the YY and ZZ axes intersect at the point O, in the center of the cross. In each of the trunnions 16-19 on the side of its end surface 21, a recess in the form of an aperture 24 connected to the aperture 22 (23) for lubricant supply can be made.
Holes 24, located in each coaxial pair of pins 16 and 17 (18, 19), are coaxial with each other, and their common axis W and W is displaced in the direction of axis X-X from the radial plane in which the axes YY, ZZ pins lie, on the eccentricity of U, the axis of the Ж-Ж of one coaxial pair of holes 24 is shifted relative to the radial plane in one direction, and the axis Ж-Ж of the other pair of holes 24 - in the opposite direction. The holes 24 can be made stepped in the form of several cylindrical holes 25 and 26, with the hole 25 of larger diameter located further from the center 0 of the cross. Hole 24 can be made conical 27, the top of which is directed to the center of the cross 5.
The hinge is assembled as follows.
In the case of recesses in the trunnion trunnions, the latter are oriented relative to the forks so that the eccentricity U is directed to the base of 6 corresponding forks 1 and 2, for example, the pins 16 and 17 are inserted into the holes 10 of the forks 2, and the pins 18 and 19 - into the holes 10 forks 1. Then
bearings are mounted 3 and their position is fixed with retaining rings 4, the cylindrical rollers 14 being injected into engagement with the outer cylindrical surface 20 of each of the trunnions 16-19, and the stop washer 15 is positioned with the end surface 21 of the trunnion and the bottom 13 of the hub 12. In the case of the recesses in the lugs 7 of the forks 1 and 2 the assembly of the hinge is carried out similarly with an arbitrary orientation of the cross 3 with respect to the forks 1 and 2.
When executing a hinge without the described recesses, when transmitting a torque, there is an unfavorable load distribution in the mate eyelet-pin, depending on the shape of the plug, which provides greater rigidity of the eyelet 4 of the base and lower rigidity of the eyelet at the end. The load distribution is shown in FIG. 1 as a solid line K. with recesses, there is an improvement in the distribution of radial loads, depicted by the dash-dotted line L, by reducing the stiffness or part of the eyelet facing the base of the fork, or part of the axle, also directed towards the base of the fork.
The recess is made either in the trunnion trunnions or in the forks of the forks; the shape of the recesses and the arrangement of the recesses between the plane in which the axes of rotation of the opposing axles of the crosses lie and the base of the corresponding fork, as well as the symmetrical arrangement of the recesses relative to the common longitudinal axis of the hinge pins with pins, which ensures the achievement of the goal.

权利要求:
Claims (9)
[1]
1. A universal joint containing two forks connected by a cross-piece, each fork has a base with which two lugs are connected to one inner 653536
[2]
The outer and outer surfaces and with their coaxial through openings at their ends, bearings are fixed in the openings, including sleeves and cylindrical rollers, the cross-piece is populated with two coaxial pairs of pivots, the axes of which intersect at a right angle, and each pair of pins JQ is placed in bearing of one of the forks, characterized in that, in order to increase the service life, in each connection of the trunnion with a pro-pin, in one of the mentioned parts there is a j5 notch recessed offset from the axis of rotation of the trunnion in the direction to the base Enikeev fork and disposed symmetrically about the longitudinal pivot axis. 20 2. A hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess is made in the pin on the side of its end surface.
[3]
3. The hinge according to claim 2, distinguishes between 25 centners and the fact that the recess is made in the form of a stepped hole, with the opening of a larger diameter located further from the center of the cross.
[4]
30 4. The hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that the recess is made in the form of a conical hole, the apex of which is directed toward the center of the cross.
[5]
5. A hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess is made in an eyelet in the form of an arc groove, the center of which is aligned with the center of the through-hole.
[6]
for 6. The hinge of claim 5, about t-l and h a Kirn, and with the fact that the arc groove is made from the inner surface of the eye.
[7]
7. The hinge according to claim 5, distinguishing the vessel with the fact that the arc groove is made from the outer surface of the eyelet.
[8]
8. A hinge according to claim 5, distinguishing with the fact that the arc groove is more complete through end.
[9]
9. A hinge according to Claims 5-8, characterized in that additional grooves are made in the lug, similar to the arc slot, which are concentric with the latter.
35
g / aa
Compiled by V.Romanenko Editor M.Nedoluzhenko Tehred M.Didyk Proofreader S.Shevkun
Order 1167 Circulation 537 Subscription
VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5
#

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同族专利:

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DE3641956C1|1988-06-01|

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US4880405A|1989-11-14|

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引用文献:

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US2212763A|1939-10-16|1940-08-27|Universal Products Co Inc|Universal joint|

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FR1231736A|1959-04-13|1960-10-03|Simca|Advanced cardan joint|

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AT232392B|1961-05-05|1964-03-10|Maybach Motorenbau Gmbh|Universal joint, especially for heavy motor vehicle cardan shafts|

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US3159013A|1961-12-01|1964-12-01|Dana Corp|Double cardan yoke assembly|

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DE1575839A1|1967-06-19|1970-02-19|Daimler Benz Ag|Universal joint coupling|

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DE6753036U|1968-09-24|1969-03-27|Walterscheid Kg Jean|CARDAN JOINT WITH CYLINDRICAL CROSS PIN|

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DE2933505C2|1979-08-18|1983-11-10|Uni-Cardan Ag, 5200 Siegburg|Universal joint|

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DE2934630C2|1979-08-28|1985-05-09|Uni-Cardan Ag, 5200 Siegburg|Universal joint|

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US4272972A|1979-12-26|1981-06-16|Lovejoy, Inc.|Universal joint|

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SU889936A1|1980-01-23|1981-12-15|Институт проблем надежности и долговечности машин АН БССР|Cardon joint crosspiece|

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DE3107373C2|1981-02-27|1982-12-02|Skf Kugellagerfabriken Gmbh, 8720 Schweinfurt|Universal joint coupling|

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DE8224280U1|1981-09-11|1982-12-02|Georg Fischer AG, 8201 Schaffhausen|MOLDED JOINT HEAD FOR DRIVE SHAFT|

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US4472158A|1982-05-26|1984-09-18|Dana Corporation|Heavy duty yoke|

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AU571770B2|1985-02-25|1988-04-21|Fuji Kiko Co. Ltd.|Universal joint yoke|

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DE3605746A1|1986-02-22|1987-08-27|Klein Kg Eugen|Universal joint|DE3806655C2|1988-03-02|1990-12-06|Gelenkwellenbau Gmbh, 4300 Essen, De|

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FR2648638B1|1989-06-16|1991-11-29|Labavia|IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSMISSIONS OF VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH ELECTRIC RETARDERS|

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FR2649049B1|1989-06-30|1991-10-18|Labavia|IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSMISSIONS OF VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH ELECTRIC RETARDERS|

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US6579186B2|2001-02-14|2003-06-17|Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.|Spider having a support surface for use in a universal joint|

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JP4034176B2|2002-12-09|2008-01-16|株式会社ジェイテクト|Cross shaft and cross shaft joint|

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CN103148111B|2013-03-28|2015-05-06|合肥工业大学高新技术研究院|Universal cross shaft|

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CN103148110B|2013-03-28|2015-10-07|合肥工业大学高新技术研究院|Articulated cross shaft|

法律状态:

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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DE3641956A|DE3641956C1|1986-12-09|1986-12-09|Universal joint|

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